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One major function of nurse midwives is to provide care during pregnancy and childbirth. Nurse midwives are specialized healthcare providers who focus on women's reproductive health, particularly in managing obstetric care throughout the prenatal, labor, and postpartum phases. Their training enables them to support expectant mothers with individualized care that includes regular check-ups, guiding patients through labor, and delivering babies, whether in a hospital setting or at home. They also offer education and counseling regarding the birthing process and postpartum recovery, significantly contributing to maternal and infant health.

Other functions such as managing anesthesia or prescribing medications for chronic diseases fall outside the primary role of nurse midwives, emphasizing their specific expertise in obstetrics and gynecology. While nurse midwives may conduct physical exams, their distinctive and critical role primarily revolves around maternal care, making provision for pregnancy and childbirth their major function.